- Full and Flexible Infrastructure for
Distance Education
Janet Poley, President
American Distance Education Consortium (ADEC)
- Growth in DE
- Fastest growing segment in higher ed
- On-Campus market large
- Movement toward “one price” per credit
- Estimated to be $2 billion by 2003 (Merrill Lynch)
- Not just a matter of learning environments
- New Big Initiatives
- eArmyU - Sloan Foundation - Quality
- Other Services Close Behind
- Private Sector Captures Courses - WEB-CT, Pearsons, Portals
- Global Consortia-ICDE
- The MIT Initiative
- The Engaged University
- State of the Global Net
- Increasingly wireless-U.S. lagging
- More languages - English 51% over-all:78% of websites-96% e-commerce
- Developing countries lag (Africa) V
- enture Capitals shifting outside U.S.-14 of 46 in U.S.(Europe,
Asia-Pacific)
- Open Systems:SCORM,IMS,XML,WAP
- So What Is Key?
- Content
- Communication
- Rapid Feedback - Not Judgement
- Continuous Improvement
- Sensible Assessment
- Personal - Not Boring
- Hybrid Solutions
- Brian Hawkins:Educause
- New Markets Smaller than Predicted? Where,What language,Willing
to Pay
- Public-on-campus residential course demand increasing
- Understanding economics/cross-subsidies is critical
- Institutions cannot participate effectively alone
- Cooperation Essential
“Already we see consortia emerging among institutions aligned as strong
competitors in a submarket - more will be formed.”
- Partnerships
Success may come through non-profit and for-profit partnerships creating
the new learning environments
- Hawkins Continued
- Significant Market Shakeout: process driven by partnerships &
consortia and ultimately the marketplace
- No untold riches here
- Colleges and universities will be buyers
- Alternative models will continue to emerge
- Faculty Motivation
- Employment models available will increase
- Institutions have to change and support faculty to do this in
partnerships
- Support systems may increasingly be outsourced Not an individual
occupation
- The Technology
- Less Obtrusive
- Convergence
- Appliances
- Unbundling
- Learning Environments
- Access Grids
- Virtual Reality,
- Immersion
- Digital Inclusion
- Rural/remote
- Underserved
- Largely income based
- Currently getting wider
- Special Needs
- International
- ADEC Vision No More Back Roads
- Reach into communities less than 25,000
- HBCUs,
- Tribal Colleges,
- Hispanic Serving
- Developing Countries
- Pretty Good Internet
- DSL
- Satellite Wireless
- LMDS
- Radio wireless
- Protocols
- Digital Blur
- Research - Teaching - Extension
- On-Campus……Off-Campus…..Anywhere
- Media Convergence
- No Geographic Boundaries
- Collaboratories
- Waiting for the Killer App
- Learning Objects and Merlot
- Beyond Programmed Learning
- Adoption of Best Practices
- Techno-Savy Learners and Faculty Application
- Development Labs - inhouse or outsource
- Open Source - Librarians - Tools
- Coming Concepts
- Universal Design Principles
- Multiple Representations of Content - Multi-Use
- Dynamic Models - Distributed Input - Shared Output and Interpretation
- Online Tutoring and Mentoring
- More “Cave” like - Higher Order Integration and Synthesis
- Quality (Connick)
- From Institutional Perspective?
- From Learner Perspective?
- From Faculty Perspective? Pew Symposium http:www.center.rpi.edu/PewSym/mono3.html
- Best of On-Line
- Learner Centered
- Learner Motivation
- Critical Learning Environments/Resources only one part
- Communication with Faculty and Peers
- Critical Assessments - Cont/Summative
- Assessment (Chronicle)
- WGU - no courses
- Phoenix - pre-post exams
- Outcomes Based Assessments-who sets the outcomes? -learners?,faculty?,institution?,
employer?,legislature?, accrediting agency?, profession?
- New View
- Less Canned
- More Design
- Big Opportunities for Software
- May Really Be More Like CAD/CAM
- Things We Are Doing Now with Blackboard,WEB-CT etc. -Resources
- Convergence with Administrative Systems
- . Improving Access
and Applications
- Bandwidth offers “realism” with instructional potential for more
concrete and complex symbols and visuals
- Bandwidth offers “voice” and affect
- Two-way offers active engagement and adaptation to learners
- Synchronous offers immediacy and responsiveness
- The Four Ethical Issues
- Privacy
- Access
- Accuracy
- Property
- Legal Issues
- Access: E-Rate, FCC-wireless to tribal lands and spectrum mgt.
- Broadband Deployment:tax incentives, NSF, PITAC
- Distance Learning:financial aid, copyright framework - DMCA
- IP ©right - Napster
- Legal Issues (Cont.)
- IP: Trademark Issues, ICANN,Database Protection - .edu domain
- Internet Content Reg: filters
- Privacy:Students, Consumers, Opt In
- Digital Signatures: authentication
- Internet Taxation State Issues
- Learning Oriented Policies
in A Bandwidth Crazy World
- Learning is About Making
Connections
- Neurological
- Cognitive
- Social
- Experiential
K. Patricia Cross
University of California - Berkley
- Technology, Learning,
Community
- “Learning has many ends.”
- “Teaching has one end - to enable learning.”
- It is important to create more learner centered colleges and universities
Mark Milliron & Cindy Miles
- Organizational Renewal
NOT Just Money on Bandwidth
- 1996 Telecom Act Flawed
- Greater Concentration/Megamergers
- Increased Costs
- Focused Capital Away from Access and Service Innovation -Favors
Network Infrastructure
- More Connectivity than Uses
- Bandwidth Supply and
Demand
- Assuming new applications and 30% annual growth in usage for current
applications there will be a 20 fold increase in bandwidth demand
by 2001 - there is a severe oversupply: 400 times increase in supply
Mark Bruneau and Pascal Aquirre: Renaissance Worldwide
- We Should Care About
Scholarship/Access/Innovation
- Relationships
- Ethics
- Values
- Collaboration
- Service
- Globalization
- Creating Success
- “The most successful educational organizations - the ones that
others will want to emulate - will be establishing design sensibilities
that create new ideas for marketplaces as well as marketplaces for
ideas.” Michael Schrage Educom Review
- The Full Motion Video Myth for Learning
Applications
- Television & Internet Convergence
- 50 Years of Television Research - What Makes A Difference?
- Sight, Sound, Text, Cueing
- Content,Packaging,Dissemination, Manipulation,Terminals
- Attribute Analysis, Virtual Reality
- Framework for Successful Change
- In Colleges/Universities top-down bureaucratic,centralized corporate
strategies don’t work and are counterproductive Scarce resource
today is not Bandwidth, but people who can create and innovate in
the knowledge age
R. Birnbaum
How Academic Leadership Works - Jossey Bass
- Maslow Had It Right
- The more evolved people get, the more psychologically healthy
they get. More enlightened management policy is necessary in order
to survive in competition, and the more handicapped an enterprise
with an authoritarian policy will be.
A. H. Maslow
Maslow On Management - John Wiley
- The Four Cultures of the Academy
- Collegial
- Managerial
- Developmental
- Negotiating
William Bergquist
Jossey-Bass
- Birnbaum’s Shared Leadership
- Structurally Congruent
- Values Quality and Civility
- Politics Enabling not Disabling
- Collegial-ideas, decisions and behaviors of many not just ascribed
positions
- Must be Shared Responsibility
- Committed, Loyal to Organization
- Successful Collaborative Outcomes
- Competence
- Shared, Understood Goal
- Mutual Respect, Tolerance & Trust
- Creation and Manipulation of Shared Spaces
- Multiple Forms of Representation
- Continuous Communication
- Collaboration (cont.)
- Formal and Informal Environments
- Clear Lines of Responsibility but Not Restrictive Boundaries
- Decisions Not by Consensus
- Physical Presence Not Necessary
- Selective Use of Outsiders for Insights
Michael Schrage
No More Teams
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